Spain (Andalucia): Cordoba: Medina Azahara

The Medina Azahara--originally the Medina al-Zahra--was begun in 929 as the new capital of al-Andalous.  About 750 by 1,500 meters square, it was ready for occupance in 946 but did not become the capital until 981.  A mere 25 years later, in 1004, a Berber revolt destroyed it so completely that until the 19th century the ruins remained a mystery.  Archaeological work began in 1911, but the site is still 90% buried. Ironically, the much flimsier Alhambra at Cordoba remains intact, thanks to royal (Catholic) protection.