Notes on the Geography of Uzbekistan: Khiva: Kukhna Ark The Kukhna Ark ("Old Fortress") was built in the 18th and early 19th centuries, but the emirs abandoned it later that century in favor of the Tash Hauli, a new palace on the other side of the city. Make default image size larger The entrance. Just inside the gate: a plaza with a view of the Kalta Minaret. The kurnysh-khana or throne room, built between 1804 and 1806 for official receptions. Tile ornamentation of the iwan. Wall panel. Opposite panel. One of many unique doors. A second. A third. Around a corner or two: the summer mosque--a deeper iwan, with two rows of earthquake-resistant pillars. A modest pulpit for the imam. Detail of the mihrab. Iwan ceiling.

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